When Covid-19 symptoms escalate to the point of requiring a patient to be put on a ventilator, they are typically placed into a medically induced coma, which results in a period of incapacity rendering the patient incapable of making any decisions.

People often prepare for this by executing a durable power of attorney designating another person as agent to make financial decisions while they are incapacitated. (Similarly, Advance Health Care Directives are used to name agents to make medical decisions.)

Although the durable power of attorney is typically included as part of a person’s estate planning documents, it’s important to realize that financial institutions are often reluctant to rely on self-prepared or attorney-drafted forms. During a time of crisis, this can cause unwanted delays and complications.

Revocable living trusts, however, often do not cause the same type of issues. Your trust document can include provisions that automatically designate a successor Trustee in the event you are no longer able to act. Assuming your revocable living trust is properly funded with sufficient assets, your successor Trustee should be able to quickly step in and assist you with handling your financial affairs.

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Written Statements

Generally, a written statement made by the decedent controls so long as it is clear. Specifically, California Health and Safety Code  §7100.1 provides:

(a)  A decedent, prior to death, may direct, in writing, the disposition of his or her remains and specify funeral goods and services to be provided. Unless there is a statement to the contrary that is signed and dated by the decedent, the directions may not be altered, changed, or otherwise amended in any material way, except as may be required by law, and shall be faithfully carried out upon his or her death, provided both of the following requirements are met: (1) the directions set forth clearly and completely the final wishes of the decedent in sufficient detail so as to preclude any material ambiguity with regard to the instructions; and, (2) arrangements for payment through trusts, insurance, commitments by others, or any other effective and binding means, have been made, so as to preclude the payment of any funds by the survivor or survivors of the deceased that might otherwise retain the right to control the disposition.

(b)  In the event arrangements for only one of either the cost of interment or the cost of the funeral goods and services are made pursuant to this section, the remaining wishes of the decedent shall be carried out only to the extent that the decedent has sufficient assets to do so, unless the person or persons that otherwise have the right to control the disposition and arrange for funeral goods and services agree to assume the cost. All other provisions of the directions shall be carried out.

(c)  If the directions are contained in a will, they shall be immediately carried out, regardless of the validity of the will in other respects or of the fact that the will may not be offered for or admitted to probate until a later date.

No Written Statement

However, If there is no written statement, then under California Health and Safety Code §7100(a)(1)-(9) the duty to control the disposition of remains, location of and conditions of internment, and arrangement for funeral goods and services falls upon the following individuals in the order below: 

(1) Agent under the power of attorney who has the right and duty of disposition

(2) Competent surviving spouse

(3) Competent surviving adult child or children

(4) Competent surviving parent or parents

(5) Competent surviving sibling or siblings

(6) Competent surviving relevative or relatives in the next degrees of kinship

(7) Conservator of the decedent when the decedent has sufficient assets

(8) Conservator of the estate when the decedent has sufficient assets

(9) Public administrator when the decedemt has sufficient assets

Keep in mind, however, that if the decedent died while on duty for the Armed Forces of the United States and used a United States Department of Defense Record of Emergency Data, DD Form 93, this takes prioirty. 

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Generally, cremated (or hydrolyzed) remains can be scattered anywhere that isn't explicitly prohibited, so long as 

(1) The remains are not distinguishable to the public

(2) Are not in a container, and 

(3) The person who has control over the remains has obtained written permission of the property owner or governing agency to scatter on the property.

See California Health and Safety Code §7116(a). 

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A durable power of attorney allows you (the "principal") to name someone (i.e., your "agent") to manage your assets. This can be especially helpful if you become incapacitated and want to avoid having a conservator appointed.

In fact, most comprehensive estate plans prepared by lawyers include a durable power of attorney. Durable powers of attorney, however, have some disadvantages that revocable living trusts do not have. 

Probate

A durable power of attorney does not avoid probate at the time of death.

Fiduciary Duty

Agents under a durable power of attorney generally have fewer obligations than trustees of a trust, and are tasked with only typical fiduciary obligations. The agent under a power of attorney is also not required to act on your behalf.

Accountings 

Agents under a durable power of attorney are not required to keep beneficiaries reasonably informed, unless demanded by the principal or by court order.  In contrast, a trustee of a trust has an obligation to keep beneficiaries reasonably informed of the trust and its administration.

Acceptance by Financial Institutions

One practical downside of durable powers of attorney is that financial institutions are often reluctant to accept the document. Sometimes banks and other institutions have internal policies requiring their own forms be used. Assets titled in the name of a trust, on the other hand, typically do not have this problem as financial institution usually feel more confident in relying on trust documents.